1. GELAPRO™ provides your body  with proline and glycine, two important amino acids for cartilage producing cells (chondrocytes) and bone forming cells (osteoblasts) for making structural proteins. A lack or excess of physical activity, injury, age, or low availability of nutrients can negatively influence these functions. Gelatin has been shown to be supportive for joints health through several studies (1, 2, 3, 4), preventive for athletic injuries (5) and safe nutrient even for long use.

2. ULTRA-MSM™ is organosulfur compound that occurs naturally in some primitive plants and is present in small amounts in many foods and beverages.  Recently, MSM is shown to have some beneficial effects for milld-moderate joints pain both on animal and human models (6, 7).

3. Glucosamine Sulfate is a precursor for glycosaminoglycans which a major component of joint cartilage.Recent study of 318 people has proven glucosamine sulfate effectiveness in relieving joints pain (8).

4. Chondroitin Sodium Sulfate - is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan. It is an important structural component of cartilage, providing it with much of its resistance to compression that can be beneficial for intensely exercising athletes (9). Studies have shown that chondroitin sulfate is very well tolerated supportive element for healthy joints (10), improving their mobility and removing pain symptoms (11).

5. ANTI 5-LOX™ contains Boswellia herb extract that has been used in traditional herbal medicine in India and African countries for the treatment of a variety of diseases. In terms of joint health this herb extract is recommended in people of joint problems of the knee with possible therapeutic use in other joints (12, 13).

6. ANTI-FLAM™ Curcumin is a unique highly soluble derivative from Curcuma Longa.  It provides dual effect both supportive and anti-inflammatory for joint health (14). Recent studies also show that curcumin along with beneficial joint effect can provide antioxidant effects for your intense trained muscles (15).

7. Bromelain is an important agent for recovery after sport injuries and support bone health. It effectively removes pain (16), reduces inflammation (17) and brings your joints to normal condition (18).
 
8. Vitamin C Lower intakes of fruit and vegetables, and vitamin C were associated with an increased risk of developing joints problems (19). We use Calcium Ascorbate this form is not acidic and will not contribute to excess stomach acidity or irritation in sensitive persons.  Calcium Ascorbate is synthesized from a combination of Ascorbic Acid and Calcium Carbonate to form Calcium Ascorbate.

9. Manganese is a known element for bone formation and stability (20).

10. Calcium - extra building blocks for your healthy joints.

References:

1. Adam M. What effects do gelatin preparations have? Therapy of osteoarthritis. Therapiewoche. 1991; 41:2456-2461.
2. Moskowitz RW. Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and joint disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2000; 30:87-99.
3. Zuckley  et al. Collagen hydrolysate improves joint function in adults with mild symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee [abstract]. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004; 36(suppl):S153.
4. Carpenter MR et al. Collagen hydrolysate supplementation improve symptoms in patients with severe osteoarthritis [abstract]. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005; 37(suppl):S91-S92.
5. Fernández JL, Pérez OM. Effects of gelatine hydrolysates in the prevention of athletic injuries. Archivos deMedicinadel Deporte. 1998; 15:277-282.
6. Usha PR, Naidu MUR. Randomised, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled study of oral glucosamine, methylsulfonylmethane and their combination in osteoarthritis.Clin Drug Invest 2004; 24(6):353–63.
7. Kim LS et al. Efficacy of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) in osteoarthritis pain of the knee: a pilot clinical trial. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2006 Mar; 14(3):286-94.
8. Herrero-Beaumont G et al. Glucosamine sulfate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study using acetaminophen as a side comparator. Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Feb; 56(2):555-67.
9. Baeurle SA, Kiselev MG, Makarova ES, Nogovitsin EA.  Effect of the counterion behavior on the frictional–compressive properties of chondroitin sulfate solutions. Polymer. 2009; 50: 1805–1813.
10.  Bourgeois P et al. Efficacy and tolerability of chondroitin sulfate 1200 mg/day vs chondroitin sulfate 3 x 400 mg/day vs placebo. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 1998 May; 6 Suppl A: 25-30.
11. Bucsi L, Poór G. Efficacy and tolerability of oral chondroitin sulfate as a symptomatic slow-acting drug for osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 1998 May; 6 Suppl A: 31-6.
12. Kimmatkar N et al.  Efficacy and tolerability of Boswellia serrata extract in treatment of osteoarthritis of knee--a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. Phytomedicine. 2003 Jan; 10(1):3-7.
13. Funk JL et al. Efficacy and mechanism of action of turmeric supplements in the treatment of experimental arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Nov; 54(11):3452-64.
14. Funk JL et al. Turmeric extracts containing curcuminoids prevent experimental rheumatoid arthritis. J Nat Prod. 2006 Mar; 69(3):351-5.
15. Menon VP, Sudheer AR. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007; 595:105-25.
16. MacKay D, Miller AL. Nutritional support for wound healing. Altern Med Rev. 2003 Nov; 8(4):359-77.
17. Stone MB et al. Preliminary comparison of bromelain and Ibuprofen for delayed onset muscle soreness management. Clin J Sport Med. 2002 Nov; 12(6):373-8.
18. Walker AF et al. Bromelain reduces mild acute knee pain and improves well-being in a dose-dependent fashion in an open study of otherwise healthy adults. Phytomedicine. 2002 Dec; 9(8):681-6.
19. Pattison DJ et al. Vitamin C and the risk of developing inflammatory polyarthritis: prospective nested case-control study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004 Jul; 63(7):843-7.
20. Freeland-Graves JH. Manganese: an essential nutrient for humans. Nutr Today 1989; 23:13-9.